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#Irrigation system designer full

With the two pump set-up, a single pump can still run in case of a pump failure or pump service.

In larger pump stations it is safer to have 2 smaller pumps than one large pump. In this phase, a pump is selected to deliver the water required to the blocks and to flush the filter. The filters will act as the liver, to remove the finer debris that got past the pre-pump filtration, to ensure there are no blockages in the irrigation system’s outlets (sprinklers). a strainer and frog trap on the suction pipe. The lungs will be the pre-filtration i.e. The pump station can be seen as lungs, heart, and liver in the human body.

Bends, Elbows, Tee, Saddle, Stub flange, Air valve.

Galvanized steel & Stainless steel pipe.

Water is fed into the mainline system either by a pump or gravity fed from a higher situated water source. Air in the mainline is a sure way to get pipe bursts. Air valves are installed on the mainline to release air from the mainline system. Pipe class (pressure rating) is determined by the operating pressure, water hammer, static pressure, shut-off pressure and various other factors. An existing pump can also determine a pipeline size. The size of the pipe is determined by the required flow rate from the blocks as designed in the previous step. A Ringfed system could also be designed to reduce friction losses in the pipeline and to link multiple water sources together. This is not always possible or economical, then the pipe is installed on the shortest route possible. The route of the pipe should be planned as near to a road as possible to ensure easy installation and service of the pipe. The main line could be one or a combination of, PVC, HDPE, galvanized steel and or stainless steel pipes. In this step, the route and size of the pipe are designed. All water requirements should be fulfilled by this line. The main line is the main artery that supplies water across the farm. For PVC or HDPE laterals a plug or valve will be used as a flash point. When LDPE and dripper laterals are used, the end of the pipe is bent over to close the lateral and fastened with a plastic ring to create an easy flush point. In non-compensated systems, these pipe sizes are crucial to regulating uniformity throughout the block. The laterals supply the water to sprinklers. Lateral pipes include LDPE, dripper pipe, PVC or HDPE pipe. Lateral (sprinkler line) –The lateral connects to the outlet of the sub-main. At the end of the sub-main line, a flushing point is installed to remove any collection of debris from the line. Outlets from HDPE pipes are saddles, compression fittings, socket fusion or buttweld fittings.

#Irrigation system designer full

Outlets from LDPE pipes- are nylon insert or full flow fittings. The outlets from PVC pipes to laterals are grommets, saddles or solvent weld fittings. The sub-main could be one or a combination of PVC, LDPE or HDPE pipes. Grommet line) – The sub-main connects to the outlet of the valve leg. It is also common to see air valves fitted on these uprights as it is normally located at the highest points. The high-pressure pipes are used for uprights as they are more rigid to withstand the elements and vandalism which can be made from PVC pipes, galvanised steel pipes or HDPE pipes. High-pressure pipes (class 9 or 12) PVC pipe is used for theses T-offs. These pipes normally make an inverted U-shape to bring the control valve above the surface. Valve leg) – This is where the control valve is inserted to connect to the main line. The pipes in a block are subdivided into three categories. The pipe type to be used very important in this phase as each pipe type has different internal dimensions and friction coefficients. The design calculates the discharge of each sprinkler. On this block layout, a design is drawn up to manipulate pipe sizes for water uniformity of no less than 80%. Other reasons for irrigation block division is soil differences or cultivar differences. It also ensures better control over pressures through-out the block. The total area then gets sub divided into viable irrigation blocks, to reduce cost as larger blocks require larger pipes. This is done by sectioning unused areas like roads, netting-anchors or windbreaks.

This step sees that a block layout is done from the surveyed map to determine the cultivar area.